Ambliopia severa na infância relacionada à persistência da vasculatura fetal / Severe childhood amblyopia associated to persistence of fetal vasculature

RESUMO A persistência do vítreo primário hiperplásico, atualmente referida como persistência da vasculatura fetal, é uma anomalia congênita que resulta da não regressão do vítreo vascular primário e do sistema da artéria hialoide durante a embriogênese. Trata-se de uma anomalia unilateral na maioria dos casos, esporádica e comumente não associada a nenhum outro achado sistêmico. Clinicamente, essa condição pode ser classificada em persistência anterior e em persistência posterior da vasculatura fetal. A condição anterior está relacionada ao sistema da artéria ciliar, enquanto a persistência da vasculatura posterior associa-se à artéria hialoide e pode apresentar anormalidades, com desfecho visual desfavorável. A detecção da persistência do vítreo primário hiperplásico é de suma importância, visto que é um diagnóstico diferencial para retinoblastoma. O relato de caso a seguir descreve o acompanhamento ambulatorial em um Serviço de Oftalmologia de uma criança do sexo masculino com persistência da vasculatura fetal unilateral e sem alterações sistêmicas.

ABSTRACT Hyperplastic primary vitreous persistence, currently referred to as fetal vasculature persistence, is a congenital anomaly that results from non-regression of the primary vascular vitreous and hyaloid artery system during embryogenesis. It is a unilateral anomaly in the vast majority of cases, sporadic and commonly not associated with any other systemic finding. Clinically, this condition can be classified into anterior and posterior persistence of fetal vasculature. The anterior condition is related to the ciliary artery system, while the persistence of the posterior vasculature is associated with the hyaloid artery, which may present abnormalities with an unfavorable visual outcome. Detecting persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous is of paramount importance, as it is a differential diagnosis for retinoblastoma. The following case report describes the outpatient follow-up at the ophthalmology service of the Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM) of a male child with persistent unilateral fetal vasculature and no systemic changes.

Whole exome sequencing analysis and prenatal diagnosis for a Chinese pedigree affected with microphthalmia / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze clinical features and genetic cause for a Chinese pedigree affected with microphthalmia.@*METHODS@#The proband and his parents were subjected to whole exome sequencing (WES) to identify potential pathogenic variants. Sanger sequencing was carried out to confirm the result of WES in available members from the pedigree. Prenatal diagnosis was provided to the proband's mother by genetic testing of amnionic DNA.@*RESULTS@#A heterozygous nonsense mutation c.289C>T (p.R97*) was identified in the OTX2 gene among three patients from the pedigree by WES. The result was confirmed by Sanger sequencing. The proband's mother has carried the same mutation but did not have microphthalmia. The proband's father, aunt and the mother's fetus did not carry the mutation.@*CONCLUSION@#The c.289C>T (p.R97*) mutation probably underlies the microphthalmia in this pedigree. Above result has facilitated genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis.

Importancia de la neuroimagen en la anoftalmia/microftalmia congénita neonatal: a propósito de un caso / Importance of neuroimaging in neonatal congenital anophthalmia/microphthalmia: a case report

Introducción: La Anoftalmia/Microftalmia es una malformación ocular congénita que se caracteriza por la reducción variable del volumen del globo ocular, la misma requiere de estudios imagenológicos para un diagnóstico más preciso. Objetivo: Demostrar la importancia de la neuroimagen en el diagnóstico y orientación de la microftalmia/anoftalmia neonatal congénita bilateral. Presentación del caso: Se hace referencia a un recién nacido con diagnóstico clínico de anoftalmia/microftalmia de manera inicial que después de realizar estudios de neuroimagen se constataron otras malformaciones del sistema nervioso central que permitieron orientar el diagnóstico hacia un síndrome genético definido. Durante el examen físico inicial se constató hipertelorismo, orejas de implantación baja, fisura palatina, ano anterior y ausencia de los globos oculares en ambos lados. La Resonancia magnética nuclear mostró esbozos de cristalinos rudimentarios, ubicados en zona atípica y esbozo de nervio óptico incompleto del lado derecho. No se observaron globos oculares. Observándose además múltiples imágenes de aspecto quístico bilaterales en las áreas orbitarias que desplazan los cristalinos rudimentarios por conflicto de espacio. Este paciente requirió estudios de neuroimagen para determinar si se trataba de una anoftalmia/microftalmia y para orientar el diagnóstico de displasia septo-óptica que organizó el pensamiento clínico hacia un posible Síndrome de Morsier. En este caso se realizó diagnóstico diferencial con otras causas asociadas a estas malformaciones oculares. Conclusiones: Los estudios imagenológicos del cerebro de los pacientes con anoftalmia / microftalmia en la etapa neonatal permiten orientar un diagnóstico preciso y precoz que favorece una intervención multidisciplinaria temprana(AU)

Introduction: Anophthalmia/microphthalmia is a congenital eye malformation that is characterized by the variable reduction of the volume of the ocular globe, which requires imaging studies for a more precise diagnosis. Objective: To demonstrate the importance of neuroimaging in the diagnosis and management of neonatal congenital bilateral anophthalmia/microphthalmia. Case Presentation: We describe the case of a newborn with an initial clinical diagnosis of anophthalmia/microphthalmia in which, after carrying out neuroimaging studies, other malformations of the central nervous system were confirmed, allowing to guide the diagnosis towards a defined genetic syndrome. During the initial physical exam, hypertelorism, low set ears, palatine fissure, anterior anus, and absence of the ocular globes in both sides were verified. The magnetic resonance imaging showed signals of rudimentary crystalline located in an atypical area, and signals of incomplete optic nerve of the right side. Ocular globes were not observed. Multiple cyst-like bilateral images were also observed in orbital areas, displacing the rudimentary crystalline lens due to space limitations. Discussion: This patient required neuroimaging studies to determine if she had an anophthalmia/microphthalmia and present a guide for the diagnosis of septo-optic dysplasia that organized the clinical thinking towards a possible Morsier Syndrome. In this case, a differential diagnosis with other causes associated to these ocular malformations was made. Conclusions: The imaging studies of the brain of the patients with anophthalmia/microphthalmia in the neonatal period allows to guide a precise and early diagnosis that favors an early multidisciplinary intervention(AU)

Anatomical repair of a bilateral Tessier No. 3 cleft by midfacial advancement / 대한악안면성형재건외과학회지

BACKGROUND: Bilateral Tessier number 3 clefts are extremely rare, and their surgical treatments have not been well established. CASE PRESENTATION: The authors describe the case of a patient with a right Tessier number 3, 11 facial cleft with microphthalmia, a left Tessier number 3 facial cleft with anophthalmia, and cleft palate. We repaired simultaneously the bilateral soft tissue clefts by premaxillary repositioning, cleft lip repair, facial cleft repair by nasal lengthening, midfacial advancement, and an upper eyelid transposition flap with repositioning both the medial canthi. Postoperatively, the patient showed an esthetically acceptable face without unnatural scars. CONCLUSIONS: We achieved good results functionally and esthetically by midfacial advancement with facial muscle reposition instead of traditional interdigitating Z-plasties. The surgical modality of our anatomical repair and 3 months follow-up results are presented.

Frequência da microftalmia associada à catarata congênita, sua frequência etiológica e o resultado visual pós-cirúrgico / Frequency and ethiological frequency of congenital cataract associated with microphthalmia and postoperative visual results

Resumo Objetivo: Determinar a frequência da microftalmia associada à catarata congênita e sua frequência etiológica. Comparar o resultado visual após a cirurgia da catarata congênita em olhos microftálmicos, com o resultado visual obtido em olhos não microftálmicos. Método: Estudo retrospectivo de 76 pacientes portadores de microftalmia e catarata congênita, selecionados após análise de 1050 prontuários dos pacientes atendidos no ambulatório de catarata congênita da UNIFESP. A microftalmia foi determinada pela ecobiometria ultrassonica. Exames oculares e complementares foram feitos para esclarecer a causa etiológica. O resultado visual pós- operatório do Grupo I (com microftalmia) foi confrontado com o resultado visual obtido no Grupo II (sem microftalmia). Resultados: O diâmetro ântero-posterior dos olhos microftálmicos variou de 13 à 21 mm. A frequência etiológica da catarata congênita associada aos olhos microftálmicos foi assim distribuída: doenças infecciosas (55,3%); seguidos de idiopáticas (26,3%), colobomas (7,9%), hereditárias (6,6%), persistência do vítreo primário hiperplásico (2,6%) e associada à síndrome de Lenz (1,3%) .A frequência da microftalmia foi de 7,23 %. 68,3% de olhos afácicos microftálmicos atingiram visão melhor e ou igual à 20/200. Conclusão: A frequência da microftalmia associada à catarata congênita foi de 7,23%. A maior frequência etiológica ocorreu nas doenças infecciosas (55,3%), Embora os olhos microftálmicos tenham tendência para piores resultados visuais quando comparados aos não microftálmicos, nesta pesquisa os olhos microftálmicos afácicos que atingiram visão melhor ou igual a 20/200 foram de 68,3%.

Abstract Objective: To determine the frequency of microphthalmia associated with congenital cataract and its etiological frequency. Compare the result of visual acuity in aphakic microphthalmus eyes, with the visual acuity result obtained in non microphthalmus eyes. Methods: Retrospective study of 76 patients with microphthalmia and congenital cataract, selected after analysis of 1050 medical records of patients seen in congenital cataract clinic of UNIFESP. All patients underwent complete ophthalmologic examination and microphthalmia determined by ultrasound biometry. Investigations were made to clarify the etiological cause. The postoperative visual outcome of Group I (with microphthalmia) was faced with the visual results obtained in Group II (control group without microphthalmia). Results: The anteroposterior diameter of microphthalmus eyes ranged from 13 to 21 mm. The etiological frequency of microphthalmia and congenital cataract was distributed as follows: infectious diseases (55.3%), idiopathic (26.3%), colobomas (7.9%), hereditary (6.6%), persistent hyperplastic vitreous (2.6%) and linked to the Lenz's syndrome (1.3%). The visual acuity in aphakic eyes that reached better view and or equal to 20/200 was 68.3%. Conclusion: The frequency of microphthalmia associated with congenital cataract was 7.23%. The etiological occurred more frequently in infectious disease (55.3%). The aphakics eyes with microphthalmia tend to have worse visual acuity results than the eyes without microphthalmia. If we consider the visual results same and above 20/200 as successful in this search, aphakic eyes with microphthalmia that hit these indices are 68.3%.

A Case of Extensive Epibulbar Choristoma Associated with Microphthalmos

PURPOSE: Choristomas represent congenital overgrowth of normal tissues in an abnormal location. The simultaneous presence of epibulbar choristoma and microphthalmos has rarely been reported. The authors report a case of extensive epibulbar choristoma associated with microphthalmos. CASE SUMMARY: A 9-day-old boy with the left eyeball absent from birth was referred to our clinic. A large cornea-like structure covered by keratinized membrane was observed inside the eyelid aperture, therefore buphthalmos or corneal staphyloma with microphthalmos was presumed. At the age of 2 months, a large mass of central conjunctival sac protruded through the left eyelid aperture. Manual reduction could not return the tissue to its original site and the mass immediately protruded again. At the age of 9 months, orbital magnetic resonance imaging showed the small presumed ocular tissue behind the large mass of fat signal in the central anterior orbit, therefore, extensive epibulbar choristoma associated with microphthalmos was diagnosed. At 12 months of age, partial excision of the protruding portion of the mass was performed. Based on pathologic examination, the mass was determined to be a choristoma and cosmetically acceptable appearance with prosthesis was maintained for 10 months after the surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Because there is no vision in extensive choristoma associated with microphthalmos, the treatment goal is cosmetic improvement. Conjunctivoplasty following partial mass excision for prosthesis wearing is a good treatment option.

Amniotic constriction band: a report of two cases with unique clinical presentations

Amniotic constriction band is a rare clinical entity with varied manifestations that range from a combination of congenital malformations to isolated malformations that are unique to each patient. The etiology of this entity remains unknown. Herein, we highlight two cases of amniotic constriction band that presented to our unit with unique clinical characteristics. To the best of our knowledge, an isolated circumferential band of scarring on the face with ocular involvement, as demonstrated by the first case, and a combination of bilateral complete cleft lip and palate with bilateral microphthalmia, auto-amputation of the right thumb, and a constriction band on the left thumb, as demonstrated by the second case, are extremely rare presentations of amniotic constriction band that were not previously reported in the literature and therefore necessitate a special mention. We discuss potential etiologies for these cases and review the existing literature on this entity.

Manejo clinicoquirúrgico de la anoftalmia y de la microftalmia congénitas / Clinical and surgical management of congenital anophthalmia and microphthalmia

La anoftalmia y la microftalmia congénitas son defectos oculares poco frecuentes, generalmente identificados en el momento del nacimiento, como resultado de alteraciones en la organogénesis del ojo a consecuencia de la acción de factores genéticos y ambientales durante el desarrollo embrionario. Estas anomalías provocan grave discapacidad visual a las personas que la padecen, por lo que generan gran repercusión en el ámbito psicosocial. El diagnóstico y el tratamiento precoz permitirán la estimulación visual a edad temprana, la corrección parcial o total de la anomalía y una mejor calidad de vida de estos pacientes, aun cuando no sea posible evitar la ceguera. La conducta ante estas afecciones es compleja y controversial; constituyen un reto para el cirujano oculoplástico y para el protesista. Por esta razón se decide realizar una revisión bibliográfica para profundizar en el adecuado manejo clinicoquirúrgico de estas anomalías(AU)

Congenital anophthalmia and microphthalmia are infrequent ocular defects at the time of birth as a result of alterations in the organ genesis of the eye caused by the action of genetic and/or environmental factors during the embryonic development. These anomalies bring about serious visual impairment to people who suffer it and have great impact on the psychosocial context. Early diagnosis and treatment allows visual stimulation at younger ages, partial or total correction of the anomaly and a better quality of life for these patients, even when it is not possible to avoid blindness. The behavior before these affections is complex and controversial; it represents a challenge for the oculoplasty surgeon and the prosthesis specialist. The objective of this literature review was to delve into the adequate clinical and surgical management of these anomalies(AU)

Síndrome de Goltz / Goltz's syndrome

El síndrome de Goltz, o hipoplasia dérmica focal, es un desorden multisistémico raro que involucra la piel, el sistema músculo-esquelético, los ojos, el pelo, las uñas y el riñón, entre otros, con considerable variación en los rasgos clínicos. El examen oftalmológico del caso que se presenta corresponde a una niña con microftalmia en el ojo izquierdo, obstrucción del conducto nasolagrimal en el ojo derecho y coloboma de iris y del nervio óptico del ojo microftálmico, además de esotropia sensorial. El diagnóstico fue confirmado por genética como una hipoplasia dérmica focal que, a pesar de ser poco común, debemos conocerlo para poderlo identificar si se presentara en nuestra consulta(AU)

Goltz syndrome or focal dermal hypoplasia is a rare multisystemic disorder involving the skin, the musculoskeletal system, the eyes, the hair, the nails and the kidney among others, with considerable variation in clinical features. The ophthalmological examination of the case presented in this paper shows a girl who has microphthalmia in the left eye, nasolacrimal duct obstruction in the right eye and coloboma of the iris and optic nerve in the microphthalmic eye in addition to sensory esotropia. The diagnosis was confirmed by genetic studies and it was focal dermal hypoplasia, which is a rare disease but we should learn about it to be able to identify it if some patient with the disease goes to our service(AU)

Anoftalmia clínica associada a coloboma e malformações sistêmicas: etiologia e relação oftalmologista-paciente / Clinical anophthalmia and coloboma associated with systemic malformations: etiology and ophthalmologist-patient relationship

RESUMO O presente relato refere-se a uma paciente de 2 anos e 9 meses de idade, portadora de anoftalmia clínica à direita associada a coloboma posterior à esquerda e malformações sistêmicas. A mãe foi vacinada contra rubéola três meses antes da concepção e, ao nascimento, os exames laboratoriais mostraram título de anticorpos IgG de 267 UI/mL para rubéola e 3,5 UI/mL para citomegalovírus, sendo o IgM negativo para ambos. As anormalidades encontradas possuem características de síndrome da rubéola congênita (SRC) e infecção congênita por citomegalovírus. Também podem constituir alteração genética, decorrer de outras etiologias ou apresentarse sem explicação. A avaliação psicológica da paciente foi normal e a mesma encaminhada para reabilitação visual. A mãe manifestou sintomas depressivos e indicado tratamento especializado. Outros estudos serão necessários para esclarecer a etiologia das malformações oculares congênitas e os cuidados holísticos a serem valorizados durante a relação oftalmologista-paciente.

ABSTRACT This report refers to a two years and nine months patient, carrier of clinical anophthalmia in her right eye associated with posterior coloboma in her left eye and systemic malformations. The mother was vaccinated against rubella three months before conception and, at birth, the laboratory tests showed 267 IU/mL for rubella IgG antibodies level and 3,5 IU/mL for cytomegalovirus, being IgM antibodies negative for both. The abnormalities found have characteristics of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) and congenital cytomegalovirus infection. It can also constitute genetic alteration, derive from other etiologies or present themselves without explanation. The patient’s psychological evaluation was within normal limits, being referred for vision rehabilitation. The mother manifested depressive symptoms, being shown to her specialized treatment. Further studies are needed to clarify the etiology of congenital eye malformations and the holistic cares to be valued during the relationship ophthalmologist-patient.

Hyperplastic primary vitreous with hemorrhage manifested as a hyperechoic mass in the fetal orbit by prenatal ultrasound in a case of isolated unilateral microphthalmia

Congenital microphthalmia is a rare anomaly of the fetal orbit resulting from developmental defects of the primary optic vesicle. Chromosomal anomalies, genetic defect, infection, and prenatal drug exposure are the most common causes. Congenital microphthalmia is usually associated with other abnormalities, and cases of isolated microphthalmia are rarely reported. Congenital microphthalmia can be diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound by measuring the axial diameter of the eye ball, but the accuracy depends on fetal position and associated anomalies. We report a case of an isolated unilateral microphthalmia which was not diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound, because the only abnormal prenatal ultrasound finding was a small hyperechoic mass lesion in the eye ball and the subsequent scan of the orbits was limited due to fetal prone position. The hyperechoic mass lesion in the eye ball was finally diagnosed as a persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous with hemorrhage by neonatal magnetic resonance image.

Protective Effect of Preoperative Intraocular Pressure Reduction on Corneal Endothelium in Cataract Surgery

PURPOSE: To evaluate whether intraocular pressure reduction by intravenous injection of mannitol before phacoemulsification-cataract surgery can have a protective effect on corneal endothelium. METHODS: Patients undergoing sequential bilateral cataract surgery were divided into 2 groups, 36 eyes with anterior chamber depth (ACD) or = 2.50 mm (group B). In each group, preoperative intravenous injection of mannitol was performed in 1 randomly selected eye of the patient. The specular microscopic examination including cell density (ECD), coefficient of variation (CV), hexagonality (HA) of corneal endothelium, and corneal thickness was performed on postoperative 1 day, 2 weeks, and 5 weeks. In each group, the parameters were compared between the eyes with mannitolization and the contralateral eyes without mannitolization. RESULTS: In group A, eyes with preoperative mannitolization showed significantly higher ECD at postoperative 1 day and 5 weeks and showed a significantly thinner cornea at postoperative 1 day than those without mannitolization (all p < 0.05). However, in group B, there was no significant difference of ECD, CV, HA, and corneal thickness between the eyes with and without mannitolization. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative intraocular pressure reduction by mannitolization before phacoemulsification can protect the corneal endothelial cells and recover the early postoperative period visual acuity in eyes with shallow anterior chamber.

MIDAS Syndrome Presenting with Linear Skin Atrophy on the Face / 대한피부과학회지

MIDAS syndrome (microphthalmia-dermal aplasia-sclerocornea) is an X-linked dominant genetic disease. In most patients, the unbalanced translocation or deletion of the X chromosome short-arm 22.3 band is observed. This disease characteristically presents as linear atrophy of the skin limited to the face and neck, accompanied by congenital eye disease. A 9-month-old female who had linear skin atrophy on the right side of her chin visited our clinic. She also presented with microphthalmia and sclerocornea on her right eye. Results of a chromosomal study revealed a deletion of the X-chromosome short-arm 22.31 band. Here, we report on this MIDAS syndrome patient with linear skin atrophy on the face.

Congenital Complete Arhinia: Report of a Rare Case.

Congenital absence of the nose (arhinia) is extremely rare. Arhinia leads to severe airway impairment and poor feeding in the neonate. Th e degree of nasal absence varies from case to case. Here, we present a case of congenital complete arhinia associated with other craniofacial anomalies. Arhinia leads to severe respiratory distress and feeding problems in newborn warranting emergency management, but our case diff ers as the child was adapted to mouth breathing and naso-gastric tube feeding, giving us the opportunity to delay the defi nitive management for a few weeks yet avoiding the risk of operating in a small child to create nasal airway or tracheostomy on an emergency basis.

Regulation of NFATc1 in Osteoclast Differentiation

Osteoclasts are unique cells that degrade the bone matrix. These large multinucleated cells differentiate from the monocyte/macrophage lineage upon stimulation by two essential cytokines, macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) ligand (RANKL). Activation of transcription factors such as microphthalmia transcription factor (MITF), c-Fos, NF-kappaB, and nuclear factor-activated T cells c1 (NFATc1) is required for sufficient osteoclast differentiation. In particular, NFATc1 plays the role of a master transcription regulator of osteoclast differentiation. To date, several mechanisms, including transcription, methylation, ubiquitination, acetylation, and non-coding RNAs, have been shown to regulate expression and activation of NFATc1. In this review, we have summarized the various mechanisms that control NFATc1 regulation during osteoclast differentiation.

Hallermann-streiff syndrome a case report from Egypt

Hallermann-Streiff syndrome [HSS] is a rare genetic disorder that is primarily characterized by distinctive malformations of the skull and facial [craniofacial] region; sparse hair [hypotrichosis]; eye abnormalities; dental defects; degenerative skin changes [atrophy], particularly in the scalp and nasal regions; and proportionate short stature. Here we describe a case with HSS

Congenital cataract surgery with intraocular lens implantation in microphthalmic eyes: visual outcomes and complications / Cirurgia de catarata congênita com implante de lente intraocular em olhos microftálmicos: resultados visuais e complicações

PURPOSE: To report the visual outcomes and complications of congenital cataract surgery with primary intraocular lens implantation in microphthalmic eyes of children younger than 4 years of age. METHODS:This retrospective interventional case series included 14 microphthalmic eyes from 10 children who underwent congenital cataract surgery with primary intraocular lens implantation younger than 4 years of age. Seven patients had bilateral cataracts (11 eyes met the study's inclusion criteria) and 3 patients had unilateral cataract. Patients' medical charts were reviewed to obtain information regarding the preoperative and postoperative ophthalmological examination. Main outcome measures were intraocular pressure (IOP), best-corrected visual acuity, and intraoperative and postoperative complications. RESULTS: Mean age at the time of surgery was 21.7 ± 2.9 months. Mean ocular axial length was 19.2 ± 0.9 mm. Mean preoperative IOP was 9.7 ± 1.7 mmHg and 10.3 ± 3.1 mmHg on final follow-up (P=0.18). There were no intraoperative complications. Two (15.4%) eyes developed secondary visual axis opacification, of which only one needed to be reoperated due to significantly decreased vision (0.5 logMAR). Preoperative and postoperative best-corrected visual acuity was 2.09 ± 0.97 logMAR and 0.38 ± 0.08 logMAR in bilateral cases and 1.83 ± 1.04 logMAR and 0.42 ± 0.13 logMAR in unilateral cases, respectively. CONCLUSION: Primary intraocular lens implantation in congenital cataract surgery in microphthalmic eyes resulted in a significant best-corrected visual acuity improvement with no intraoperative complications and minimal postoperative complications.

OBJETIVOS: Relatar os resultados visuais e as complicações da cirurgia de catarata congênita com implante primário de lente intraocular em olhos microftálmicos de crianças menores de 4 anos. MÉTODOS: Esta série de casos retrospectiva incluiu 14 olhos microftálmicos de 10 crianças menores de 4 anos que foram submetidas à cirurgia de catarata congênita com implante primário de lente intraocular. Sete pacientes tinham catarata bilateral (11 foram incluídos no estudo) e 3 tinham catarata unilateral. Os prontuários dos pacientes foram revisados para se obter informação sobre o exame oftalmológico pré- e pós-operatório. As principais variáveis analisadas foram pressão intraocular, acuidade visual com melhor correção e complicações intra- e pós-operatórias. RESULTADOS: A média da idade dos pacientes na época da cirurgia foi de 21,7 ± 2,9 meses. O diâmetro antero-posterior médio foi de 19,2 ± 0,9 mm. A pressão intraocular média pré-operatória foi 9,7 ± 1,7 mmHg e 10,3 ± 3,1 mmHg no último exame de acompanhamento pós-operatório (P=0,18). Não houve complicações intraoperatórias. Dois (15,4%) olhos desenvolveram opacificação secundária do eixo visual, dos quais um foi reoperado devido à baixa visual significativa (0,5 logMAR). AV pré- e pós-operatórias foram 2,09 ± 0,97 logMAR e 0,38 ± 0,08 logMAR em casos de catarata congênita bilateral e 1,83 ± 1,04 logMAR e 0,42 ± 0,13 logMAR em casos unilaterais, respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: O implante primário de lente intraocular em cirurgia de catarata congênita em olhos microftálmicos resultou em uma melhora significativa da acuidade visual com nenhuma complicação intraoperatória e com pouca complicação no pós-operatório.

Multiple congenital ocular defects in a Bedlington terrier dog / 대한수의학회지

To report multiple congenital ocular defects in a Bedlington terrier dog aged 2.5 months with blindness. Routine ophthalmic examinations were performed for the clinical signs. Menace responses and cotton ball test were absent in both eyes (OU), but pupillary light reflexes were normal in OU. Slit lamp biomicroscopy reveled corneal dystrophy, posterior subcapsular cataract, microphthalmia in OU and lenticular coloboma in the right eye. In indirect ophthalmoscopy and ultrasonography, retinal detachment and posterior lenticonus were shown in OU. It is the first report of lenticular coloboma and posterior lenticonus in a Bedlington terrier dog.

Vítreo primario hiperplásico persistente: presentación de un caso / Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous: a case report

El artículo presenta el caso de la persistencia del vítreo primario hiperplásico, evidenciado por una resonancia magnética, que se debe a una regresión incompleta de la suplencia sanguínea ocular embrionaria en el canal de Cloquet, ubicado dentro del globo ocular.